Icaritin  别名：Anhydroicaritin; 脱水淫羊藿

Icaritin (Anhydroicaritin) 是 Epimedium Genusis 的异戊二烯类黄酮衍生物，有效抑制 K562 细胞 (IC50 为 8 µM) 和原代 CML 细胞 (对 CML-CP 的 IC50 值为 13.4 µM，对 CML-BC 的 IC50 值为 18 µM) 的增殖。Icaritin 可以调节 MAPK/ERK/JNK 和 JAK2/STAT3/AKT 信号传导，并具有增强成骨的作用。

Tumor Challenge and Treatments

The orthotopic tumor model was established via a subcapsular intrahepatic injection of 5 × 10⁵ Hepa1–6 cells, suspended in 25 μL of 50% Basement Membrane Extract (Trevigen), into the left lobe of the liver of anesthetized 6–8 week old B6 mice. For the subcutaneous tumor model, 1 × 10⁶ Hepa1–6 or 2 × 10⁵ H22 cells suspended in 100 μL phosphate buffered saline (PBS) were injected subcutaneously into the right flank of B6 mice or BALB/c mice. A total of 5 days after tumor cell transplantation, when tumors were palpable or subcutaneous tumors reached 100 mm3, the mice were randomly divided into treatment groups. Icaritin treatment, was administered daily at 70 mg/kg by gavage for up to 3 weeks. Corn oil was used as the vehicle control. Anti-PD-1 antibody (clone RMP1-14; BioXCell) was administered at 10 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection a total of three times at 3 day intervals. Once tumors were palpable, tumor growth was monitored every other day for 17 days using calipers. The survival time of tumor-bearing mice was recorded from the day of inoculation. The mice were sacrificed if the tumor diameter exceeded 1.5 cm or if the mice showed any signs of pain. Tumor volumes were calculated using the following formula: Volume = (length × width²)/2.