Lipopolysaccharides 脂多糖

生物活性

产品介绍

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 脂多糖是从革兰氏阴性菌外膜的外叶中提取的内毒素，效价大于等于500000 EU/mg。LPS可以引起免疫刺激的级联反应和机体的毒性病理生理活动，包括释放内毒素引起感染性休克从而导致末梢血管虚脱。将LPS分别与FITC、TRITC或2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBSA)反应即可得到FITC、TRITC或TNP标记的LPS，主要用于非胸腺依赖性B细胞对细菌LPS的免疫应答研究。本品来源于血清型大肠杆菌O55:B5，用酚提取法而得。可用于构建多种动物模型（如大鼠急性肺损伤模型，小鼠急性胰腺炎模型等）。

大鼠支气管肺发育不良模型 Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

将青春期的雄性和雌性大鼠以2∶1的比例饲养在一个笼子中，并记录分娩日期。在新生大鼠出生后的第1、3和5天，分别腹腔注射1、1和2 mg/kg(总共4 mg/kg)的LPS用于造模。

小鼠急性肺损伤模型 Acute lung injury

①C57BL/6小鼠(8-10周)

腹腔注射13.5 mg/kg乙酰丙嗪和150 mg/kg氯胺诱导全身麻醉。然后，在进行气管切开术之前，在颈部的前部区域做一个中线切口。使用微型喷雾器用50μL 1mg/kg的LPS溶液分别处理左肺和右肺。

②雄性C57BL/6小鼠（8-10周龄)

通过气管内滴注50μL 0.2 mg/mL 的LPS溶液（LPS+0.9% NaCl(含0.1% DMSO)），诱导建立ALI模型。

大（小）鼠慢性阻塞性肺病模型 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/COPD

Balb/c小鼠（雌性，11-13周龄），使用蠕动泵将小鼠置于全身暴露室中接触香烟烟雾，研究用的香烟在使用前去除过滤器。小鼠连续72天每天接触一次香烟（第42、52和62天除外）。小鼠通过在实验的头几天逐渐增加香烟的数量来适应香烟的暴露，第1天使用4支香烟；第2天使用6支香烟；第3天使用8支香烟；第4天使用10支香烟；第5天使用12支香烟；第6天使用14支香烟，直到研究结束。在第42、52和62天，通过气管内灌注LPS（50μL的10μg/mL），而不是暴露在空气或香烟烟雾中。泵的速度保持在35rpm，CO水平在200和400ppm之间。

小鼠急性肝损伤模型 Acute liver injury

①C57BL/6J小鼠（雌性，10-12周龄）

腹腔注射溶解在PBS中的LPS(2 mg/kg)和GalN(250 mg/kg)。

② C57BL/6小鼠（雄性，年龄7-9周）

实验前，动物适应了一周的环境，静脉注射D-GalN（300mg/kg）和LPS（30μg/kg）。

小鼠急性胰腺炎模型 Acute pancreatitis

C57BL/6小鼠(雄性，6-8周龄)，小鼠注射雨蛙素(100 μg/kg，腹腔注射10次，每次注射间隔1小时)，在最后一次注射雨蛙素后立即腹腔注射LPS (5 mg/kg)。首次注射雨蛙素后12小时处死小鼠。

大鼠宫腔粘连模型 Intrauterine adhesions IUA

使用8周龄C57BL/6雌性小鼠，在SPF条件下适应新环境1周左右。小鼠吸入异氟醚麻醉。在腹部正中线切口暴露子宫。用7号粗针仔细搔刮整个子宫壁约50次，直至子宫充血，然后向双侧子宫直接注入10 μL LPS（1 mg/kg），用镊子夹闭5 min，随后关闭腹腔。

大鼠Ig A肾病模型 Ig A kidney disease

使用6-8周的雄性BALB/c小鼠，适应性喂养 1 周后，开始给予含0.1% BSA的酸化水（隔天 0.5 mL）。实验第 6 周开始，给小鼠注射 2% BSA（0.2 mL），每天一次，连续注射 3 天。实验第 9 周停止 BSA 灌胃，开始尾部静脉注射 0.1 mg/ml葡萄球菌肠毒素B（SEB）0.2 mL），每周一次，连续注射 3 周。实验总共持续 12 周。

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化学性质

溶解性（25°C）	Water ≥ 5 mg/mL
储存条件	2-8°C, protect from light, sealed
运输方式	冰袋运输，根据产品的不同，可能会有相应调整。

参考文献

[1] Hai-Ping Zhu, et al. Mol Med Rep. Regulatory mechanism of NOV/CCN3 in the inflammation and apoptosis of lung epithelial alveolar cells upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation

[2] Lei Yang, et al. Am J Transl Res. Resveratrol alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by suppressing inflammation and apoptosis of alveolar macrophage cells

[3] H T L Lai, et al. Poult Sci. Effects of Repeated Intratracheally Administered Lipopolysaccharide on Primary and Secondary Specific Antibody Responses and on Body Weight Gain of Broilers.

[4] D S Kabanov, et al. Biochemistry (Mosc). Structural Analysis of Lipopolysaccharides From Gram-negative Bacteria.