Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate 佛波酯；佛波醇12-十四酸酯13-乙酸酯

生物活性

Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) 是一种佛波酯，是蛋白激酶C (PKC) 和 SphK 的激活剂，提高细胞内 Ca2+ 浓度 ([Ca2+]i)，EC50 为 11.7 nM，这种作用具有剂量依赖性。PMA可以诱导 THP1 细胞分化（80ng/ml，24h）。Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) 也是NF-κB激活剂。

将 THP-1 细胞以 1×10⁵ cells/ml、5×10⁵ cells/ml、1×10⁶ cells/ml 和 5×10⁶ cells/ml 的密度，分别接种到 6 孔细胞培养板中，用 80 ng/ml 的 PMA 诱导。分别在 12 小时、24 小时和 36 小时收集细胞，用流式细胞术检测不同诱导时间对应的不同细胞接种密度的样品。双因素方差分析结果显示，不同细胞接种密度组间的 CD14 分子阳性率有显著差异，5×10⁵ cells/ml 组的 CD14 阳性率（41.4%±8.8%）高于其他接种密度组。不同诱导时间组间CD14阳性率差异有统计学意义，诱导时间为24h组CD14阳性率高于其他诱导时间组（36.7%±11.7%）。

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化学性质

分子量	616.83
分子式	C36H56O8
CAS号	16561-29-8
溶解性（25°C）	DMSO 90 mg/mL Ethanol 90 mg/mL
储存条件	-20°C, protect from light
运输方式	冰袋运输，根据产品的不同，可能会有相应调整。

储备液配制

*下述溶液配置方法仅为基于分子量计算出的理论值。不同产品在配置溶液前，需考虑其在不同溶剂中的溶解度限制。

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	1.6212 mL	8.106 mL	16.2119 mL
5 mM	0.3242 mL	1.6212 mL	3.2424 mL
10 mM	0.1621 mL	0.8106 mL	1.6212 mL

不同实验动物依据体表面积的等效剂量转换表（参考来源于公开文献）

	小鼠	大鼠	兔	豚鼠	仓鼠	狗
重量 (kg)	0.02	0.15	1.8	0.4	0.08	10
体表面积 (m2)	0.007	0.025	0.15	0.05	0.02	0.5
Km 系数	3	6	12	8	5	20

动物 A (mg/kg) = 动物 B (mg/kg) ×	动物 B的Km系数
	动物 A的Km系数

例如，依据体表面积折算法，将化合物用于小鼠的剂量20 mg/kg 换算成大鼠的剂量，需要将20 mg/kg 乘以小鼠的K_m系数（3），再除以大鼠的K_m系数（6），得到化合物用于大鼠的等效剂量为10 mg/kg。

参考文献

[1] Tiezhu Liu, et al. PLoS One. Optimization of differentiation and transcriptomic profile of THP-1 cells into macrophage by PMA

[2] Mitsuhiro Kinoshita, et al. Phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate inhibits Nephronectin gene expression via Protein kinase C alpha and c-Jun/c-Fos transcription factors

[3] Sukkum Ngullie Chang, et al. Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate Induced Toxicity Study and the Role of Tangeretin in Abrogating HIF-1α-NF-κB Crosstalk In Vitro and In Vivo

[4] Yoon-Hee Cheon, et al. Eupatilin downregulates phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced MUC5AC expression via inhibition of p38/ERK/JNK MAPKs signal pathway in human airway epithelial cells

[5] Derya Biriken, et al. Investigation of cytokine and midkine responses of human THP-1 leukemia cells induced by phorbol-12-Myristate-13-Acetate (PMA) at different concentrations and times

[6] Tregei Starr, et al. The phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate differentiation protocol is critical to the interaction of THP-1 macrophages with Salmonella Typhimurium