在干细胞分化的研究中,LDN-193189能用于成骨分化、滋养层分化等多个分化方向的调节,并在多种细胞分化模型中得到验证。在C2C12成肌细胞中,100–500 nM 的LDN-193189可阻断BMP-2诱导的成骨分化,恢复肌管形成能力;而在小鼠胚胎干细胞中,LDN-193189(200 nM)的处理能抑制BMP-4 诱导的滋养层分化,维持多能性标志物Oct4和Sox2的表达[2]。LDN-193189(DM-3189,AbMole,M1873)(100–250 nM)在人间充质干细胞中,能抑制成骨分化并促进成脂或成软骨分化方向的转换,提示BMP信号在谱系选择中的决定性作用[3]。动物实验中,LDN-193189(DM-3189,AbMole,M1873)在小鼠进行性骨化性纤维发育不良(FOP)模型中通过腹腔注射(3 mg/kg,每日一次)能显著抑制异位骨化灶的形成;LDN-193189(DM-3189)在肺动脉高压模型中(灌胃给药5 mg/kg,每日两次)能减轻肺血管重塑和右心室肥厚[4]。LDN-193189(DM-3189,AbMole,M1873)(CAS No.:1062368-24-4)还被广泛应用于诱导多能干细胞(iPSC)向神经外胚层或中内胚层的定向分化方案中,通过抑制内源性BMP信号维持神经前体细胞的自我更新能力[5]。
参考文献及鸣谢
[1] Cuny, G. D.; Yu, P. B.; Laha, J. K.; et al. Structure-activity relationship study of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling inhibitors. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2008, 18 (15), 4388–4392.
[2] Yu, P. B.; Deng, D. Y.; Lai, C. S.; et al. BMP type I receptor inhibition reduces heterotopic ossification. Nature Medicine 2008, 14 (12), 1363–1369.
[3] Hao, J.; Daley, G. Q.; Hong, C. C. H. Exploring the differentiation and development of the human nephron with hPSCs. Nature Protocols 2018, 13 (7), 1591–1613.
[4] Hiepen, C.; Jatzlau, J.; Hilbig, H.; et al. BMP signaling in the skeleton and the kidney: a shared gatekeeper of tissue homeostasis. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 2020, 77 (14), 2749–2766.
[5] Chambers, S. M.; Fasano, C. A.; Papapetrou, E. P.; et al. Highly efficient neural conversion of human ES and iPS cells by dual inhibition of SMAD signaling. Nature Biotechnology 2009, 27 (3), 275–280.